diff --git a/.memory/worklog.json b/.memory/worklog.json
index 8d56fc9..97e0bba 100644
--- a/.memory/worklog.json
+++ b/.memory/worklog.json
@@ -523,6 +523,25 @@
       "type": "session-heartbeat",
       "message": "Codex 会话活跃 · 最近命令：codex · 分支 master · 1 项未提交变更 · 最近提交：fix: update OpenAI image response handling",
       "files_changed": 1
+    },
+    {
+      "ts": "2026-05-19T11:13:07+08:00",
+      "type": "commit",
+      "message": "auto-save 2026-05-19 11:13 (~2)",
+      "hash": "74148d0",
+      "files_changed": 2
+    },
+    {
+      "ts": "2026-05-19T03:20:00Z",
+      "type": "session-heartbeat",
+      "message": "Codex 会话活跃 · 最近命令：codex · 分支 master · 1 项未提交变更 · 最近提交：auto-save 2026-05-19 11:13 (~2)",
+      "files_changed": 1
+    },
+    {
+      "ts": "2026-05-19T03:30:00Z",
+      "type": "session-heartbeat",
+      "message": "Codex 会话活跃 · 最近命令：codex · 分支 master · 6 项未提交变更 · 最近提交：auto-save 2026-05-19 11:13 (~2)",
+      "files_changed": 6
     }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/src/app/api/packs/generate-all/route.ts b/src/app/api/packs/generate-all/route.ts
index 3715e09..279569b 100644
--- a/src/app/api/packs/generate-all/route.ts
+++ b/src/app/api/packs/generate-all/route.ts
@@ -3,13 +3,22 @@ import { generateAssetPack } from '@/lib/packGenerator';
 import { detectProvider } from '@/lib/providers';
 import { loadSession, saveSession } from '@/lib/storage';
 import { PACK_ORDER } from '@/lib/templates';
-import type { GenerateAllPacksRequest, GenerateAllPacksResponse } from '@/lib/types';
+import type { AssetPack, GenerateAllPacksRequest, GenerateAllPacksResponse, GenSession } from '@/lib/types';
 
 export const runtime = 'nodejs';
 export const dynamic = 'force-dynamic';
 
+async function persistPackProgress(session: GenSession, imageId: string, pack: AssetPack) {
+  session.characterSpec = pack.characterSpec;
+  session.packs = [
+    ...(session.packs ?? []).filter(existing => !(existing.kind === pack.kind && existing.sourceImageId === imageId)),
+    { ...pack, assets: [...pack.assets] },
+  ];
+  await saveSession(session);
+}
+
 export async function POST(req: Request) {
-  const { sessionId, imageId } = (await req.json()) as GenerateAllPacksRequest;
+  const { sessionId, imageId, background = false } = (await req.json()) as GenerateAllPacksRequest;
   if (!sessionId || !imageId) {
     return NextResponse.json({ error: 'sessionId and imageId required' }, { status: 400 });
   }
@@ -23,13 +32,20 @@ export async function POST(req: Request) {
     return NextResponse.json({ error: 'image must be selected before generating packs' }, { status: 400 });
   }
 
-  try {
+  const baseSession = session;
+  const baseSourceImage = sourceImage;
+  async function run() {
     const packs = [];
     const manifests = [];
-    let workingSession = session;
+    let workingSession: GenSession = baseSession;
 
     for (const kind of PACK_ORDER) {
-      const generated = await generateAssetPack({ session: workingSession, sourceImage, kind });
+      const generated = await generateAssetPack({
+        session: workingSession,
+        sourceImage: baseSourceImage,
+        kind,
+        onProgress: progressPack => persistPackProgress(workingSession, imageId, progressPack),
+      });
       packs.push(generated.pack);
       manifests.push(generated.manifest);
       workingSession = {
@@ -48,11 +64,24 @@ export async function POST(req: Request) {
 
     await saveSession(workingSession);
 
-    return NextResponse.json({
+    return {
       packs,
       manifests,
       provider: detectProvider(),
-    } satisfies GenerateAllPacksResponse);
+    } satisfies GenerateAllPacksResponse;
+  }
+
+  if (background) {
+    void run().catch(error => console.error('[packs:all] background generation failed', error));
+    return NextResponse.json({
+      ok: true,
+      background: true,
+      provider: detectProvider(),
+    }, { status: 202 });
+  }
+
+  try {
+    return NextResponse.json(await run());
   } catch (error) {
     return NextResponse.json({ error: String(error) }, { status: 500 });
   }
diff --git a/src/app/api/packs/generate/route.ts b/src/app/api/packs/generate/route.ts
index 259b186..ee588d7 100644
--- a/src/app/api/packs/generate/route.ts
+++ b/src/app/api/packs/generate/route.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,25 @@
 import { NextResponse } from 'next/server';
 import { generateAssetPack } from '@/lib/packGenerator';
+import { detectProvider } from '@/lib/providers';
 import { loadSession, saveSession } from '@/lib/storage';
-import type { GeneratePackRequest, GeneratePackResponse, PackKind } from '@/lib/types';
+import type { AssetPack, GeneratePackRequest, GeneratePackResponse, GenSession, PackKind } from '@/lib/types';
 
 export const runtime = 'nodejs';
 export const dynamic = 'force-dynamic';
 
 const PACK_KINDS: PackKind[] = ['patent', 'accessories', 'production', 'marketing'];
 
+async function persistPackProgress(session: GenSession, imageId: string, pack: AssetPack) {
+  session.characterSpec = pack.characterSpec;
+  session.packs = [
+    ...(session.packs ?? []).filter(existing => !(existing.kind === pack.kind && existing.sourceImageId === imageId)),
+    { ...pack, assets: [...pack.assets] },
+  ];
+  await saveSession(session);
+}
+
 export async function POST(req: Request) {
-  const { sessionId, imageId, kind } = (await req.json()) as GeneratePackRequest;
+  const { sessionId, imageId, kind, background = false } = (await req.json()) as GeneratePackRequest;
   if (!sessionId || !imageId || !PACK_KINDS.includes(kind)) {
     return NextResponse.json({ error: 'sessionId, imageId and valid kind required' }, { status: 400 });
   }
@@ -23,8 +33,13 @@ export async function POST(req: Request) {
     return NextResponse.json({ error: 'image must be selected before generating packs' }, { status: 400 });
   }
 
-  try {
-    const { pack, manifest, provider } = await generateAssetPack({ session, sourceImage, kind });
+  async function run() {
+    const { pack, manifest, provider } = await generateAssetPack({
+      session,
+      sourceImage,
+      kind,
+      onProgress: progressPack => persistPackProgress(session, imageId, progressPack),
+    });
     session.characterSpec = pack.characterSpec;
     session.packs = [
       ...(session.packs ?? []).filter(existing => !(existing.kind === kind && existing.sourceImageId === imageId)),
@@ -35,8 +50,23 @@ export async function POST(req: Request) {
       manifest,
     ];
     await saveSession(session);
+    return { pack, manifest, provider } satisfies GeneratePackResponse;
+  }
 
-    return NextResponse.json({ pack, manifest, provider } satisfies GeneratePackResponse);
+  if (background) {
+    void run().catch(error => console.error(`[pack:${kind}] background generation failed`, error));
+    return NextResponse.json({
+      ok: true,
+      background: true,
+      kind,
+      provider: detectProvider(),
+    }, { status: 202 });
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const response = await run();
+
+    return NextResponse.json(response);
   } catch (error) {
     return NextResponse.json({ error: String(error) }, { status: 500 });
   }
diff --git a/src/app/page.tsx b/src/app/page.tsx
index 9badae2..5a6b450 100644
--- a/src/app/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/page.tsx
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ export default function Home() {
       const r = await fetch('/api/packs/generate', {
         method: 'POST',
         headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-        body: JSON.stringify({ sessionId: current.id, imageId: image.id, kind }),
+        body: JSON.stringify({ sessionId: current.id, imageId: image.id, kind, background: true }),
       });
       if (!r.ok) {
         alert('素材包生成失败：' + (await r.text()));
@@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ export default function Home() {
       const all = await refreshSessions();
       const updated = all.find(x => x.id === current.id) ?? null;
       setCurrent(updated);
+      scheduleSessionRefresh(current.id);
     } finally {
       setLoadingKind(null);
     }
@@ -159,6 +160,15 @@ export default function Home() {
     return updated;
   }
 
+  function scheduleSessionRefresh(sessionId: string, remaining = 90) {
+    if (remaining <= 0) return;
+    window.setTimeout(async () => {
+      const updated = await reloadCurrent(sessionId);
+      const hasDraftPack = updated?.packs?.some(pack => pack.status === 'draft') ?? false;
+      if (hasDraftPack || remaining > 84) scheduleSessionRefresh(sessionId, remaining - 1);
+    }, 5000);
+  }
+
   async function handleLockCharacter(image: GenImage) {
     if (!current || characterLoading) return;
     setCharacterLoading(true);
@@ -187,7 +197,7 @@ export default function Home() {
       const r = await fetch('/api/packs/generate-all', {
         method: 'POST',
         headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-        body: JSON.stringify({ sessionId: current.id, imageId: image.id }),
+        body: JSON.stringify({ sessionId: current.id, imageId: image.id, background: true }),
       });
       if (!r.ok) {
         alert('完整三包生成失败：' + (await r.text()));
@@ -196,6 +206,7 @@ export default function Home() {
       const d: GenerateAllPacksResponse = await r.json();
       setProvider(d.provider);
       await reloadCurrent(current.id);
+      scheduleSessionRefresh(current.id);
     } finally {
       setAllLoading(false);
     }
diff --git a/src/lib/packGenerator.ts b/src/lib/packGenerator.ts
index 5a7ff6f..19463eb 100644
--- a/src/lib/packGenerator.ts
+++ b/src/lib/packGenerator.ts
@@ -274,6 +274,7 @@ export async function generateAssetPack(opts: {
   session: GenSession;
   sourceImage: GenImage;
   kind: PackKind;
+  onProgress?: (pack: AssetPack) => Promise<void>;
 }): Promise<{ pack: AssetPack; manifest: ExportManifest; provider: 'mock' | 'gpt' }> {
   const templates = sortTemplatesByAnchor(getPackTemplates(opts.kind));
   const initialCharacterSpec = opts.session.characterSpec?.sourceImageId === opts.sourceImage.id
@@ -291,6 +292,20 @@ export async function generateAssetPack(opts: {
   const provider = detectProvider();
 
   const assets: ToyAsset[] = [];
+  const pack: AssetPack = {
+    id: packId,
+    kind: opts.kind,
+    sessionId: opts.session.id,
+    sourceImageId: opts.sourceImage.id,
+    sourceImageUrl: opts.sourceImage.url,
+    characterSpec,
+    assets,
+    manifestId: `manifest_${packId}`,
+    createdAt,
+    version,
+    status: 'draft',
+  };
+
   for (const template of templates) {
     const assetId = `${opts.kind}_${template.filenamePart}_${randomBytes(3).toString('hex')}`;
     const anchorAsset = template.anchorTemplateId
@@ -332,6 +347,7 @@ export async function generateAssetPack(opts: {
           anchorTemplateId: template.anchorTemplateId,
         },
       });
+      await opts.onProgress?.(pack);
       continue;
     }
     const generated = await generateAssetImage({
@@ -366,25 +382,13 @@ export async function generateAssetPack(opts: {
         raw: generated.raw,
       },
     });
+    await opts.onProgress?.(pack);
   }
 
-  const manifestId = `manifest_${packId}`;
-  const pack: AssetPack = {
-    id: packId,
-    kind: opts.kind,
-    sessionId: opts.session.id,
-    sourceImageId: opts.sourceImage.id,
-    sourceImageUrl: opts.sourceImage.url,
-    characterSpec,
-    assets,
-    manifestId,
-    createdAt,
-    version,
-    status: 'complete',
-  };
+  pack.status = 'complete';
 
   const manifest: ExportManifest = {
-    id: manifestId,
+    id: pack.manifestId,
     sessionId: opts.session.id,
     packId,
     packKind: opts.kind,
diff --git a/src/lib/types.ts b/src/lib/types.ts
index cf2b286..f16e7c4 100644
--- a/src/lib/types.ts
+++ b/src/lib/types.ts
@@ -190,6 +190,7 @@ export type GeneratePackRequest = {
   sessionId: string;
   imageId: string;
   kind: PackKind;
+  background?: boolean;
 };
 
 export type GeneratePackResponse = {
@@ -201,6 +202,7 @@ export type GeneratePackResponse = {
 export type GenerateAllPacksRequest = {
   sessionId: string;
   imageId: string;
+  background?: boolean;
 };
 
 export type GenerateAllPacksResponse = {